Before the construction of a house รับสร้างบ้านโคราช , the land must be properly adjusted. by filling and digging or perhaps use both Filling and digging together, such as digging to make pools, pools, and then take the rest of the land. from digging to filling in part to do house construction to rise like a hill, etc.
land filling
Filling the soil in the rainy season is one of the tasks that rain enough to be useful in construction. Or will it be even better? It should be before rainy season The downpour will help compact the soil that has been deposited. In terms of filling the soil itself, it can be divided into two types.
- Compression filling is to fill the soil layer by layer The thickness of each layer is about 20 – 50 cm, depending on the soil characteristics and designation of the designer, and compacted one by one. Exhausted to the first floor, gradually fill the soil and then compacted again Do this until will get the level we want. Filling like this will get the soil that is well compacted. There is little subsidence
- Uncompressed filling is to fill the entire area at once and then gradually compacted only in front of the soil surface This type of filling is used to fill the soil that does not require much height. Because if the filling is rather deep than 1.00 meters, this non-compact filling is often a problem of subsidence and potholes can be seen later. But in the construction of the house In general, almost all of the house structure will transfer the weight on the foundation with piles as a load-bearing part and transfer the weight into the soil layer, which can drive the needle deeper from the original soil layer Therefore, it is not related to the time that we fill the new land. or wait for the soil to settle packed first unless it is a flat house structure or in the part of the building that is designed to place and transfer weight Directly into the ground (Slab on Ground) such as garages or roads, sidewalks, which need to compact the filled soil until it is sure that there is no subsidence first. to undertake construction and if love will plant a big tree with roots that sprout deeply, must try to fill the soil more than fill the sand and duck manure Might be a little difficult slumped a bit If there is time to wait, it will be worth it. But if you don’t want to plant big trees, you may choose to fill the soil in the surface area. As for the soil that needs to be planted, the trees should, if possible, Choose a soil that has a darker color, known as benthic, because it is a soil with humus and various minerals suitable for growing various plants. What factors must be taken into account? some in the land filling different places Different types of landfills The price of land filling will be different depending on many factors, so before you decide to fill the soil. Besides you need to consider your budget and other factors should be considered at the same time as follows:
- soil type
1.1 topsoil layer A-horizon : zone of leaching Generally, topsoil from 0-0.50 m depth, sometimes up to 1.00 m, tend to be the most expensive. Because it is fertile soil, it will be dark black. Suitable for planting trees
1.2 B-horizon layer: zone of accumulation. The soil layer is deeper than the A layer. The soil is brownish with sand, the price is lower because the minerals in the soil are less. Good filling, but not suitable for planting trees
1.3 Layer C-horizon : partially decomposed parent material, very deep layer until the soil turns white will not plant anything But it can be used to fill up well because it’s the cheapest.
Therefore, in selecting the soil to be filled, it must be considered that How do you wish to use the soil? and the budget is more or less how much
- Characteristics of land reclamation If you use a loader – load the soil and put it in a pile, the soil will look full quickly, but the soil will not be tight. and will collapse later too. (Especially if it is a landfill work Should be very careful about this. There must be someone watching at the job site) if the soil is filled in the manner Fill it up and use a truck to reverse. the soil will become denser There will be a large amount of soil and less subsidence later. may have to agree that will fill only or compacted
- Transportation and freight cost often related to distance between the soil pit that we bought the soil and the place to fill the soil The farther the more expensive Especially in urban areas where trucks are difficult to reach. May have to pay for the convenience of some passage. It makes the price of land reclamation more expensive
mining
If the excavation is below 2.50 m to make a basement, to build a swimming pool or underground water tank. will use the method of hammering a long wooden needle along the digging line in a mass to prevent landslides or digging the soil, adjusting it to an incline If the soil is sticky enough I do not need a needle to hammer. If digging at a depth of 5.00 meters, it will be too expensive because it will have to use sheet piles to prevent landslides. and using a mechanical hammer that is very expensive
Soil filling and compaction procedures, including standard machinery and tools commonly used.
Plow or cut trees or remove weeds. who do not want to leave the area that wants to fill the soil because if left at the same place, it will cause decay, rotting, causing subsidence of the soil filling or causing the buildings built on top to collapse and crack
Dig the soil from that area or bring the soil from another place to fill it. It must be checked that there are no other contaminants with it.
For digging the soil, use a backhoe, and for loading the soil to fill it, use 6 – 10 wheeled trucks.
When the truck dumps the soil to gather in the dumping area, use a tractor to plow the pile and spread it to a level, each layer should be between 15 – 20 cm thick, which each layer is called Lift thickness by a technician to explore. Make alignment pins and determine the depth of soil that must be filled and compacted for each layer.
Water in moderation to increase moisture for further compaction of the soil. Adequate amount of water will be obtained by conducting experiments in laboratories in Soil Mechanics or Soil Mechanics.
Compacting each layer by using Sheepfoot Roller or Tamping Roller to create a Shear key between each layer of soil will result in being able to bear pressure on the side in the case of an embankment used to prevent flooding or to receive longitudinal thrusts. can get more case is the road The number of trips of compaction, how many trips the car should run in order to get the desired tightness is obtained from the experimental test section before starting to work that How many trips will I have to run? How much water must be added in the morning – late – afternoon – evening to compact the soil to achieve the desired firmness.
Smooth the surface using a Motor Grader and perform field density checks to calculate the % compaction as specified in The next specification, which checks for values Field Density This must be done for all layers of compaction.
when the thickness and tightness of compression After each layer, proceed to compact the soil for the next layer according to the procedures and methods. the same until the job is completed
Do not forget the soil status related to digging, loading and compacting, namely Bank Volumn, Loose Volumn & Compacted Volumn. All 3 soil states will give different volumes of soil to be used to calculate the cost of work.
